Genesis 4 – Line 00093

LINE SOURCE FILE

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INTRO

This file shows what the earliest Hebrew/Greek manuscripts say, word by word, before any interpretation.

PREFACE

This file presents the earliest traceable form of this line, drawn primarily from manuscript sources like the Leningrad Codex.

Where other manuscript witnesses differ or offer meaningful variation (such as the Dead Sea Scrolls or the Samaritan Pentateuch), we remain watchful and will note those cases transparently when identified.

Every word is shown with its full lexical range; without smoothing, interpretation, or insertion.

This is not a translation or conclusion. It is a transparent starting point, open to personal encounter and divine resonance.

We do not treat any human source as final; only as visible reference points for deeper unfolding.

While we strive for care and clarity, any oversight or omission is unintentional, and all work remains open to refinement as understanding grows.

1. ORIGINAL LINE TEXT

Language: Hebrew

Manuscript Source: Leningrad Codex

Line Reference: Genesis 4:13

וַיֹּאמֶר קַיִן אֶל־יְהוָה גָּדוֹל עֲוֺנִי מִנְּשֹׂא

2. DIRECT TRANSLITERATION

vayomer qayin el-YHWH gadol avoni min-neso

3. WORD-BY-WORD LEXICAL BREAKDOWN

WORD 1

Original: וַיֹּאמֶר

Transliteration: vayomer

Lexical Root: אמר (amar)

Part of Speech: Verb

Grammatical Info: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive

Lexical Range:

to say

to speak

to declare

to respond

WORD 2

Original: קַיִן

Transliteration: qayin

Lexical Root: קין (qayin)

Part of Speech: Proper noun

Grammatical Info: Masculine singular proper name

Lexical Range:

Cain

personal name meaning “acquired” or “forged”

WORD 3

Original: אֶל־יְהוָה

Transliteration: el-YHWH

Lexical Root: אל (el) + יהוה (YHWH)

Part of Speech: Preposition + proper noun

Grammatical Info:;

Lexical Range:

to YHWH

toward the LORD

WORD 4

Original: גָּדוֹל

Transliteration: gadol

Lexical Root: גדל (gadal)

Part of Speech: Adjective

Grammatical Info: Masculine singular absolute

Lexical Range:

great

large

immense

powerful

severe

important

WORD 5

Original: עֲוֺנִי

Transliteration: avoni

Lexical Root: עון (avon)

Part of Speech: Noun + pronominal suffix

Grammatical Info: Masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix

Lexical Range:

my guilt

my iniquity

my wrongdoing

my punishment

Notable Observations:

The root “avon” can refer both to the wrongdoing and its consequence

WORD 6

Original: מִנְּשֹׂא

Transliteration: min-neso

Lexical Root: נשׂא (nasa)

Part of Speech: Preposition + infinitive construct

Grammatical Info:;

Lexical Range:

from bearing

from lifting

from carrying

too much to endure

Notable Observations:

Construct phrase used idiomatically to express unbearable burden

4. STRUCTURAL NOTES

A short but intense lament, structured as a declaration from Cain to YHWH.

The predicate “gadol” precedes the subject “avoni,” emphasizing severity.

The phrase “min-neso” functions idiomatically; “greater than can be borne.”

No explicit verb is used between subject and predicate, a common biblical structure for emphatic declarations.

This is Cain’s only direct response to the judgment sequence.

5. VARIANT MANUSCRIPT NOTES

LXX (Septuagint) renders: “My crime is too great for me to be forgiven,” adding interpretive weight not present in the MT.

Samaritan Pentateuch mirrors MT closely, preserving compact form.

No known DSS variants extant for this verse.

6. STRUCTURAL CONNECTION TO OTHER LINES

Immediate response to Genesis 4:12 (Line_00092), forming a reaction-judgment pattern.

The use of “avon” anticipates its reappearance in legal and sacrificial contexts throughout Torah (e.g., Leviticus 16).

Connects structurally to other burden-bearing phrases (e.g., Exodus 18:18; Numbers 11:14).

7. CAUTIONARY REMINDER

The content above does not represent a translation.

No conclusions, smoothing, or interpretive decisions have been made.

This file serves only to display the original structure and lexical range as transparently as possible.